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LAW ENFORCEMENT IN THE TWIN TERRITORIES
U.S. MARSHALS, DEPUTIES, AND THE INDIAN POLICE

Contributed by Sharron Standifer Ashton, Norman, Oklahoma
Published in "The Key Finder" Fall 1991 Vol. 12, No. 4

"The reputation of Indian Territory spread far and wide as 'Robbers' Roost' and 'Land of the Six-gun' and was epitomized in the tag 'There is no Sunday west of St. Louis—no God west of Fort Smith."1 This was the scene in 1875 when Isaac C. Parker was appointed federal judge of the Western Arkansas Federal District Court. The thirty-six year old Parker was no stranger to politics or the criminal atmosphere that pervaded the Indian country. Within weeks of his arrival he had appointed a small army to police the seventy thousand square miles which comprised the western district. During the next twenty years at least sixty-five of the men who rode for Parker lost their lives while trying to bring an end to the rampant lawlessness in the land west of Fort Smith.2

The following lists contain the names of men who were identified by pioneer residents as United States Marshals, Deputy Marshals, Indian Police or Light Horsemen, and posse members. All were active in the Twin Territories and many were men who rode for Judge Parker. The lists probably include some outlaws. The names were abstracted from the card index of the Indian-Pioneer History Collection. Only cards with the headings "MARSHALS, UNITED STATES, INDIAN TERRITORY, #1.55" and "MARSHALS, UNITED STATES, OKLAHOMA TERRITORY, #1-10" were used in compiling these lists. In addition to names, each entry cites the page and volume number, while some entries give a brief description of the subject or event, i.e., Vol. I, Ed Reed, deputy, killed Crittendens, 313, 314, 483, 484; death of, 313, 484. A name may appear on more than one card. Researchers should check the card index for other references using the individual's name. The Indian-Pioneer History Collection is located in the Archives and Manuscript Division of the Oklahoma Historical Society.

1 Ed Bearss and Arrelt M. Gibson, Fort Smith: Little Gibraltar on the Arkansas. (Norman: The
University of Oklahoma Press, 1969.), 314.
2 Glenn Shirley, Law West of Fort Smith. (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1968.), ix.

Marshals, United States, Oklahoma Territory
ABERNATHY, —FOSSET, BillKIMBELL, —
BEERS, CharleyFOSSETT, William D.LEFREEMAN, John
BOLEN, JimGALBREATH, RobertLURTY, W. S.
BOUSMAN, Louis PhillipGRIMES, W. C.LURTY, Warren S.
CHAPMAN, AmosGRIMES, Win.MADSEN, Chris
CROSBY, CharlieHADWIGER, GusMARKS, Chas.
CROSBY, 0. C.HART, LossMcKEIFER, John
DAY, Larking E.HOOVER, J. W.MOORE, Frank
DE FORD, C. H.JOHNSON, —MURPHY, Pat
EATON, Frank B.JONES, —NIX, C. D.
FAUCET, BillJONES, GeorgePAYNE, Ramson
ROBAR, BillySTILLWELL, JackTROTTER, James
ROBERTSON, EdTAYLOR, TomTRUAT, Harry
SHADLEY, —THOMAS, HeckWEAVER, Booth
SHORT, EdTHOMPSON, HarryWEIBLING, Christopher C.
SMITH,TILGHMAN, BillWIERMAN, Joe
Marshals, United States, Indian Territory
----, PattyBUCKNER, Dr.DUNCAN, -
ADAIR, —BURGESS, W. N.DUNCAN, W. S.
ADAIR, ForemanBURK, TomDUNN, B.
ADAMS, DavidBURNEY, JoeEATON, Frank
ADAMS, DaveBURNS, CharleyEDMOND, Cal
ADDINGTON, AndyBURNS, Samuel J.ELLIS, —
ADKINS, LeeBUSSEY, EzraELLIS, Jackson W.
ALEXANDER, J. G.CALLAHAN, HarryEMMIT, —
ALLEN, —CANTON, FrankENLOE, B. A.
ALLEN, JesseCARETTE, BuckENNIS, Jim
ANDERSON, HenryCHAMBERS, JohnERWIN, —
ASHFORD, JimCHILDERS, John, Jr.EVANS, William H.
AYERS, William "Willie"CHITWOOD, A. M.EVERIDGE, Joe
BALES, —CLAY, GeorgeFAUDREE, Charles
BALLARD, WilliamCLEMONS, JohnFENTRESS, Bill
BARNES, —COLBERT, BenFIELDS, —
BARNHILL, CharleyCOLBERT, Ben H.FISHER, S. W.
BARNHILL, CharlieCOLBERT, BenjaminFOREMAN, Samuel S.
BEARD, HenryCOLBERT, BillFORTUNE, Bob
BECK, GabeCOLE, JimFOSTER, George
BECKS, —COLLINS, BenFRAZIER, George C.
BENNET, JimCONNER, 0. LonzoFREEMAN, John L.
BENNETT, Dr. Leo E.COOK, MattFRESHOWER, Bill
BENNETT, James MadisonCOPELAND, CharlesFULTON, Jeff
BENNETT, LeoCOPELAND, CharleyGARRET, Buck
BENNETT, SamCOTTER, JamesGARRETT, Buck
BENNETT, WarrenCOUCH, Richard C.GENTRY, Bob
BENSON, JohnCOUGH, DickGENTRY, Scott
BENTLEY, CreedCOX, BerylGILLSTRAP, George
BENTON, BobCRAWFORD, BobGILSTRAP, Ike L.
BERRY, JimCREEKMORE, Mr.GOODE, Ben
BOBITT, GusCRUMP, ColonelGOODELL, —
BOWDEN, CharleyCUMMINS, Wm. AnthonyGRADY, Boley
BOWERS, JoeCYRUS, DennisGRADY, J. P.
BRASELL, JimDALTON, BobGRAY, Horace
BRAXELL, JimDALTON, EmmettGUINN, James L.
BRIDGES, J. H.DALTON, FrankGUY, Jim
BRIDGES, JimDALTON, GratHACKETT, —
BROWN, BertDARROUGH, William H.HAINES, Wiley
BROWN, James D.DARROW, —HAINEY, B. B.
BROWN, JohnDAVENPORT, DIckHALE, John M.
BRUIN, J. E.DENNIS, CyrusHAMMER, —
BRUNER, —DHU PERRY, RoderickHAMMER, John S.
BRUNER, HeckDICKERSON, RonHARKINS, William M.
BRUNER, ScottDOBSIN, LandropHARPER, Red
BRYANT, J. H.DOUGLAS, CharlesHARPER, W. A.
HARRELL, KidLE FLORE, AlbertMURPHY, Pat
HARRIS, LeeLE FLORE, Capt. CharlesNEEDLES, Col. T. B.
HARRIS, WesLE FLORE, CharleyNEEDLES, T. B.
HARRIS, WestLEAF, BassNEEDLES, Thomas B.
HARRISON, —LEDBETrER, BudNELSON, Tom
HARRISON, CharleyLEDBETTER, J. F. "Bud"NESTER, Bob
HART, LoisLEDBEflER, PattyNEVINS, John
HART, LossLEE, CrocketNEWSOM, Bill
HART, RossLEE, CrockettNEWSOME, Bill
HAYNES, Samuel J.LEHMAN, CharlieNIX, E. D.
HEADY, BudLEWIS, LonNOAH, Hank
HENDERSON, JoeLILLEY, TomNOAH, Tom
HENRY, John MacLILLY, ErnestNOBLES, George
HERRING, BillLILLY, TomNORMAN, Nelson Henry
HILL, BudLITTLE, BillNORRIS, George
HINDS, Robt. W.LOCKE, JohnOWENS, J. G.
HOMER, JohnLORD, SamOWSLEY, Ben
HOOVER, —MAPLES, DonPARKS, Walter
HOUSE, Mr.MARION, —PARNELL, Buck
HOUSTON, SequoyahMARK, L. W.PARNELL, L. T.
HOWELL, EdMARKHAM,PAYNE, Tom
HUFFINE, ScottMARKS, CharlesPEMBERTON, J. B.
HUGHES, TineMARKS, EdPETTIGREW, Jim
HUMBERD, John C.MARKS, L. W.PIERCE, Robert Lee
HUNTER, ToddMARKS, Lemuel W.POLING, Alonzo
IRBY, —MARSCHON, —POLK, Warren
ISABELL, —MARSHALL, ClaudePORTER, G. A.
ISBOL, —MAXWELL, AlexPORTER, J. A.
JOHNSON, GrantMAYES, JimPOUND, George
JO UNSON, John W.MAYTUBBY, Peter, Jr.PRITCHARD, George K.
JOHNSON, Pussy FootMcALESTER, J. J.RAMSEY Doc
JOHNSON, SidMcCALL, BillRANDALL, Charles M.
JOHNSON, SidneyMcCALL, JohnRANDOLPH, Daniel
JOHNSON, TomMcCLURE, ToneyRATTEREE, —
JOHNSON, WilseMcGREGOR, GeorgeREED, Bozz
JONES, —McLEMORE, —REED, Ed
JONES, DavidMcLEMORE, BillREEVES, Baa
JONES, DavyMcLEMORE, WilliamREEVES, Bass
JONES, FrankMENUE, ElmerREEVES, Baza
JONES, Frank W.MERREL, BillREEVES, —
JONES, Nelson M.MERRIL, BillREVARD, Franklin
JONES, William FrankMERSHON, JamesRHODES, .C. B.
JORDAN, JoeMILAN, JohnRICE, A. L.
KEEL, BudMILLER, ZekeROBERTS, Rev. Daniel
KEELER, FredMINNER, SamROEBUCK, Dick
KELL, BudMITCHELL, BobROEBUCK, R. D.
KILGORE, CharlesMOODY, BillROGERS, Ike
KING, Thomas P.MOODY, WilliamROGERS, Joseph Robert
KIRK, JohnMOORE, MarkROGERS, Red
KIRK, TomMORAN, John J.ROGERS, Red
KNIGHT, BenMOREY,ROSS, Nathan
KNOX, James G.MOREY, BillRUTHERFORD, S. M.
KREBS, Robert C.MORRIS, GeneSALMON, John
KUHN, MartinMORRIS, GeorgeSALSBURY, John
LAMB, CharlesMORRIS, MountSAPULPA, Win. A.
LANGLEY, RoteMORRISS, MountSCRIBBNER, Mr.
SHAW, A. P.TALBOT, ClaudWALNER, John
SHENNELT, FrankTAPPENS, BobWALNER, John H.
SHIPLEY, BillTAYLOR, JimWALTERS, Colonel E.
SHIPLEY, WilliamTAYLOR, LeeWARD, Dock
SIMPSON, JohnTEAL, BudWATKINS, Wigeon
SIXKILLER, HenryTEETE, JohnWEIMER, Walter
SIXKILLER, JohnTHOMAS, Bud WEST, Bill
SMITH, —THOMPSON, Al WEST, John
SMITH, Andrew JacksonTHOMPSON, H. WEST, John C.
SMITH, BillTHOMPSON, JimWHALEY, Tom
SNODDY, —THORNTON, GeorgeWHALEY, Tom H.
SOLMAN, JohnTHURLOW, Ed. WHITE, James B.
SORRELLS, George W.TILGHMAN, Bill WHITE, Jess
STANDARDS, SamTILLMAN, BillWHITEMIRE, Eli
STANFIELD, —TOLBERT, JohnWILKERSON, Col. Jim
STANFIELD, Lon,TOLBERT, PadenWILKERSON, James
STANFIELD, Wade S.TOLBERT, Payton WILLIAMS, Geo.
STANLEY, JakeTRAIL, BudWINGO, Sam
STARMAN, TomTUCKER, GeorgeWOFFORD, Than T.
STEPHENS, HiramTUCKER, OscarWOODS, Riley
STEWART, C. F.UNSELL, T. M.WORLEY, Dick
STEWART, CharleyVENSON, GrantYALES, Jake
STOVALL, James McFarlinVERAS, Henry YOE,-
SURRELL, —VIER, HenryYOES, Colonel
SWAIN, JohnWALKER, DanYOES, Jake
SWANE, JohnWALKINGSTICK, IsaacYOLES, Jake
SWINK, BillWALL, ThomasYORK, W. C.
TAAFFLE, Francis D.WALL, ThomasJefferson 
TACKETT, B. F.WALNER, —  


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